In order to promote the stable and efficient operation of waste incineration power plant, reduce or even exclude the risks caused by manual operation errors, the grate furnace Automatic Combustion Control (ACC) system was put forward. Focusing on the evaporation control mode of ACC system, aiming at the stable evaporation and stable combustion state, the parameters such as grate speed, combustion air distribution, waste incineration speed and waste calorific value were tested and calculated to realize the evaporation control, and the parameters such as burnout point and waste layer thickness were tested and calculated to realize the combustion state control. The flue gas recirculation process was adopted to make the flue gas form the most suitable combustion atmosphere and inhibit the generation of harmful substances such as CO and NO_x. Such an ACC system has been applied to a waste incineration power plant project, and the deviation between actual evaporation and target evaporation is less than 5% for more than 87% operating time of a 24-hour period (the deviation is within ±10% in 100% operating time), which realizes evaporation control well. The average concentrations of CO and NO_x are within the emission requirements of the project, and the emission standards are achieved.

The action plan for peak carbon dioxide emissions by 2030 and the 14th five year plan for industrial green development clearly define the important influence, development goals and tasks of the industrial field on promoting the realization of peak carbon dioxide emissions. By studying the composition and influencing factors of industrial carbon emissions, the basic path to promote the realization of industrial "double carbon" goal was put forward. Combined with the current measures to promote industrial "double carbon" work in various places, some misunderstandings in the process of promoting carbon neutrality work in peak carbon dioxide emissions in some places and industries were analyzed, and the causes and harms of these misunderstandings were studied. Finally, the countermeasures and suggestions were put forward: adhere to the system concept, strengthen overall planning, base on the development reality, and handle the multi-dimensional relationships of development and emission reduction, carbon reduction and security, overall and local, short-term and long-term, international and domestic, etc.

According to the data of more than 3 000 A-share listed companies in China from the year 2018 to 2021, as well as the environmental, social responsibility and corporate governance (ESG) rating data of Wind, Huazheng, Social Value Investment Alliance and Shangdao Ronglv, the fixed effect model was used to investigate the impact of ESG performance on the market capitalization in the current and next periods, identify the similarities and differences of ESG ratings of different institutions, and evaluate the industry heterogeneity of ESG ratings, so as to provide enlightenment for China to achieve the "double carbon" goal. Findings: Enterprises with better ESG performance in China can easily get more investment, but there are differences in the ESG ratings of different institutions as well as their impact on the market capitalization in the current and next periods. Wind ESG rating, Huazheng ESG rating and Social Value Investment Alliance ESG rating have significant positive correlation with the market capitalization in the current period, while Social Value Investment Alliance ESG rating and Shangdao Ronglv ESG rating have relatively significant positive correlation with the market capitalization in the next period. In terms of industries, currently, the ESG rating has a significant positive effect on the market capitalization in the current period of listed companies in materials, optional consumption, information technology and real estate industries, but has a limited effect on the market capitalization of listed companies in energy and industry, etc. The results show that at present, investors should comprehensively consider ESG ratings of various institutions to make objective and comprehensive decisions; listed companies should strengthen information disclosure and improve ESG performance to attract green investment; rating agencies should form a unified ESG rating standard to enhance the credibility of rating; regulatory authorities should promote the formation of a unified rating system to regulate the market.

Water pollution caused by heavy metals seriously threatens human health. Using polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) waste as the raw material and potassium hydroxide (KOH) as the activator, the sulfur-doped porous carbon material was prepared by exploring the ideal activation temperature, and its adsorption performance for heavy metal ions such as Cd²⁺ was investigated. The amount of acid groups and sulfur content of the adsorbent were determined by Boehm titration analysis and elemental analysis, finding out the optimal activation temperature is 450℃. Through the analysis of adsorption test, the optimal adsorption conditions are as follows: initial concentration of Cd²⁺, 250 mg/L; adsorption temperature, 35℃; adsorption time, 90 min. The removal rate of cadmium ion is 98.74%. Further findings: 1) The adsorption efficiency has a strong correlation with the amount of acid groups on the adsorbent surface; 2) In terms of adsorption thermodynamics, Freundlich model shows a better fitting extent than that of Langmuir model; 3) In terms of adsorption kinetics, the adsorption of Cd²⁺ by the adsorbent is more in line with Lagergren pseudo-second order adsorption kinetic model, and the equilibrium adsorption capacity is 30.72 mg/g; 4) After five N₂ adsorption-desorption cycles, the adsorption rate decreased to a stable level.

Treatment and disposal of radioactive waste is an important subject in the nuclear power generation technology. Aiming at the problem that the conventional cement solidification technology has low boric acid containment rate and is not conducive to environmental protection, a more economical and efficient solidification technology of radioactive boron-containing waste liquid was developed for nuclear facilities. Using 7 factors and 28 levels uniform design method, the proportion of 7 basic materials such as high concentration polymeric borate was designed and optimized, and the best formula was obtained. Through the performance test of the solidification body prepared by the best formula, the performance indexes are obtained: the boric acid containment rate is 49.5%, the fluidity is 375 mm, the compressive strength is 22 MPa, the initial setting time is 2 h, the final setting time is 5 h, the compressive strength loss after frost resistance test is 22.7%, and the compressive strength loss after radiation resistance test is 4.5%. Moreover, the leaching resistance of element Sr, Cs and Co all meet the requirements of national standards.

Studying the relationship between renewable energy consumption of electricity and carbon dioxide emission can help to achieve the goal of energy saving and emission reduction more effectively. Based on the relevant data of 30 provinces from the year 2015 to 2019, combined with STIRPAT model, the main driving factors of carbon dioxide emission from three levels, namely, population, affluence and technological level are analyzed, and a static panel model is constructed for regression analysis. The results show that: the energy intensity has the greatest impact on the carbon dioxide emission, and the regression coefficient reaches 1.419; there is a significant negative correlation between renewable energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission, and the regression coefficient is -0.172. The results show that controlling the consumption ratio of renewable energy from the energy consumption side can effectively curb carbon dioxide emission and reveal the necessity of developing and utilizing the clean energy.

In-situ Gas Thermal Remediation (GTR^®) technology is used to remediate the contaminated site of a retired coking plant in North China. According to the investigation of site contamination characteristics and the conclusion of risk assessment report, combined with the site construction conditions, the heating system, extraction system, tail water and tail gas treatment system are reasonably arranged, and the contaminated site is repaired within the total construction period of 92 days (the operation time of GTR^® system is 62 days). Detection data after remediation show that the removal rates of target organic pollutants benzene and benzoapyrene in soil are as high as 100% and 99.99%, respectively, and no secondary contamination accident occurred during construction, thus achieving the target of safety pollution reduction. The project successfully passes the assessment of remediation effect organized by local environmental authorities, which indicated that the GTR^® technology also has potential application value in remediation of similar contaminated sites.

Taking a sewage project of a paper company in Jining, Shandong Province with a handling capacity of 25 000 m³/d as an example, the sewage treatment upgrading on the paper-making wastewater is upgraded by adopting activated carbon adsorption & regeneration technology. The technological routes of activated carbon adsorption treatment and activated carbon regeneration are put forward, and the process design such as sewage pretreatment, activated carbon adsorption of sewage and activated carbon regeneration using shallow sand filter are defined. By observing indicators such as CODcr value (oxygen consumption measured by potassium dichromate as oxidant), chroma value and SS value (suspended matter content), the indicator data before and after sewage treatment are counted, the technological processing effect is investigated, and the cost and economic benefit is evaluated. The application shows: 1) After the sewage treatment, the CODcr value is controlled at about 20 mg/L, the chroma value is controlled at about 7 times, and the SS value is controlled at about 10 mg/L, which has reached the Class 1A emission standard of Discharge standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plant (GB 18918-2002); 2) The cost of sewage treatment is about 0.66 yuan/ton, and the cost per ton is reduced by 75.82% compared with the traditional process. It is feasible to apply activated carbon adsorption & regeneration technology to the sewage treatment upgrading, and it is suggested to be promoted in the sewage treatment equipment upgrading.

Aiming at the defects of shallow water seal, easy drying and easy blockage of traditional floor drain products, an intelligent magnetic suspension floor drain device with automatic water replenishment is designed and developed with bionic water collection technology as the core, super hydrophilic TiO₂ nano-coating and superhydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) substrate as materials, combined with cyclone quick discharge, water seal, magnetic suspension seal and environmental protection chemical sterilization. The evaluation on technological application shows that the floor drain device has excellent water vapor condensation performance, and the water vapor collection efficiency in the saturated fog flow is as high as 2.77 g/(cm²·h). While building a long-term water collection passive system, it can also form an efficient sealing mechanism with linkage and complementarity of water seal and magnetic levitation seal. It has the technological advantages of rapid drainage, long-term sterilization, beautiful cleaning, environmental protection and energy-saving.

An automatic filtration device is designed for the pretreatment of ammonia nitrogen automatic analyzer. According to the principle of cross-flow filtration, a 0.45 µm tubular filter element is used as the filter component, and the PLC control is adopted to continuously slow down the accumulation rate of particles on the inner wall of the filter element, so as to prolong the service life and regeneration capacity of the filter element. Taking the tubular filter element sintered by titanium alloy powder as the component, the adsorption effect of the filtration device on ammonia nitrogen in water sample is tested, and the results show that the adsorption of ammonia nitrogen in water sample is only within 5%, which met the error tolerance in practical application. With the actual water sample of 300 NTU as the sample, more than 186 reliable operations can be realized. On the basis of standard methods (distillation, flocculation and sedimentation), the difference of ammonia nitrogen concentration between the automatic filtration device and the standard method is compared. For water samples with ammonia nitrogen concentration above 0.1 mg/L, the relative error of the automatic filtration device is within 5%. The absolute error is within 0.01mg/L for water samples with ammonia nitrogen concentration below 0.1 mg/L. The ammonia nitrogen detection results of surface water samples after pretreatment by automatic filtration device and standard method are in good agreement, which meets the practical application requirements.

Accurate and comprehensive evaluation on CO₂ emission is the basis of promoting energy conservation and carbon reduction. In order to evaluate the CO₂ emission of automobiles in the driving stage, per the analysis of the normal distribution law of CO₂ emission test results, an evaluation method of automobile CO₂ emission based on the central limit theorem was proposed. Firstly, the error sources of automobile CO₂ emission test results were summarized, and the normal distribution of CO₂ emission test results under different sample sizes was investigated by using histograms. Secondly, the correlation between each error element and CO₂ emission test results was analyzed by scatter plot method and correlation coefficient method. The study shows that the correlation coefficient method is more effective, and the heat map for the correlation analysis is obtained. In the practical case application, the evaluation method of carbon reduction effect at 0.05 and 0.02 significant levels is proposed, and the CO₂ emission under certain confidence level and standard deviation is evaluated, which has expanded the application level of CO₂ emission test results from the global and macro level.

The pulverized coal feeding tank is an important part of pulverized coal conveying system. The pulverized coal feeding tank of Shenning furnace (gasifier) of CHN Energy Ningxia Coal Industry Group Co., Ltd. adopted the bottom fluidization side upper discharge mode, and the discharge pipeline, fluidization gas pipeline and internal support pipe rack were complicated, which easily lead to the bridging phenomenon of pulverized coal. The embedded parts of the feeding tank wall, the pulverized coal conveying pipeline and the coal return pipeline were technologically reformed. Based on the mathematical model of gas-solid two-phase flow and the numerical simulation software Fluent as a tool, the feeding tank was modeled and CFD was performed. The solid-phase flow characteristics of pulverized coal particles were discussed, and the outlet velocity distribution of the feeding tank was investigated. The results show: 1) the fluidization effect of pulverized coal inside the feeding tank is good, the volume fraction and flow rate of pulverized coal at each outlet are stable, and the discharging situation is good; 2) the conveying density of solid phase at the outlet of the feeding tank can reach 500 kg/m³ in 5.0 s, and the volume fraction of solid phase at the outlet is controlled in the range of 37.5%~62.5%, which meets the requirements of actual working conditions.

Many pollutants will be produced in the pyrometallurgical process of nonferrous metals, which will pose a potential threat to the environment. In order to improve the processing capacity of complex nonferrous metal raw materials, taking the tilting furnace workshop (regenerated copper smelting workshop) of Guixi Smelter as an example, two upgrading schemes, i.e. regenerated amine desulfurization process and hydrogen peroxide desulfurization process were put forward, compared and evaluated. It is found that the hydrogen peroxide desulfurization process has the advantages of simple process, less equipment, low operation cost and good absorption effect. Since the process has been put into operation in March 2020, it has been of stable, safe and reliable features. After treatment, the concentration of SO₂ in tail gas is as low as 0.96 mg/Nm³ (far below the standard of 50 mg/Nm³), the concentration of soot is as low as 4.92 mg/Nm³ (below the standard of 10 mg/Nm³), and the concentration of acid mist is as low as 8.26 mg/Nm³ (below the standard of 10 mg/Nm³). Compared with regenerated amine desulfurization process, the annual operation cost of hydrogen peroxide desulfurization process is saved by about 893 000 yuan. The application of hydrogen peroxide desulfurization process provides a strong guarantee for the sustainable development, energy saving and emission reduction of nonferrous metal smelting enterprises.

High-carbon waste is a kind of waste with high carbon content, which has great potential and value for recycling. The research progress of clean transformation technology of high-carbon waste was reviewed. First, the types and output of high-carbon waste were analyzed, and the research focus of clean transformation technology of high-carbon waste was defined. Secondly, the research status and existing problems of three considerably advanced waste disposal technologies, namely thermal transformation technology, biotransformation technology and anaerobic fermentation technology, in the field of high-carbon waste disposal were discussed and studied. The analysis show: 1) kitchen waste, plastics and straw are the key and difficult points of clean transformation of high-carbon waste, and the key technologies need to be broken through urgently; 2) compared with incineration in thermal transformation technology and landfill in biotransformation technology, gasification technology, pyrolysis technology and anaerobic fermentation technology in the thermal transformation technology have better reduction, recycling and harmless effects. For pretreatment technologies such as sewage discharge and consumption reduction, and even heat conversion, it is necessary to speed up the transformation of achievements, formulate plans according to local conditions, and improve the supervision and management system. It has reference significance for further improving the clean conversion quality of high-carbon waste and reducing the waste treatment cost.

The application of related technologies of semi-submersible drilling platform is helpful to promote the exploitation of deep sea resources. A design scheme of power control system is proposed for the semi-submersible drilling platform, and related control design is carried out for the subsystems such as condition switching, generator unit start-up, distribution board monitoring, load distribution, heavy load start-up. Combined with the control design of the subsystems, the Power Management System (PMS) based on the power control system is constructed to ensure the ship overall operation stability, the equipment safety and reliability, and to maximize the energy saving. It not only enriches the functions of the existing power management system, but also provides a feasible idea for the dynamic control system integration of semi-submersible drilling platform.

The single-bus control system often used in the thermal power plant will produce steam waste and exhaust noise pollution when the boiler is on and off. Based on the investigation and analysis of a thermal power plant, combined with the theoretical formulas such as material balance and heat balance, the selection scheme of temperature and pressure reducer and pipeline is put forward. The project design and construction are carried out. On the basis of the original steam pipe, a new exhaust steam recovery pipe is added. The steam can be recovered about 95 t each time when the boiler is on and off, and the noise measurement value is reduced to about 45 dB, which meets the requirement of the national standard of 55 dB. The technology reduces energy waste and investment cost, its static investment recovery period is only 2.14 years, playing an exemplary role in the energy saving and noise reduction of boilers.

Industry is one of the important areas of energy consumption in China, and industrial energy conservation contributes greatly to the reduction of carbon emission. Developing the industrial energy conservation in depth will help to promote the high-quality development of China’s industry, actively respond to the climate change, and contribute to the steady and far-reaching development of China’s economy. By systematically combing the industrial energy consumption data, the overall situation and development trend of industrial energy consumption in recent years were judged, and the future potential of industrial energy conservation was analyzed from four dimensions: region, industry, market and management. It is found that the potential of energy conservation of enterprises in some regions and industries in China is still great, and perfecting the market mechanism and management system will help to further promote the industrial energy efficiency increase. Accordingly, the countermeasures are put forward: pay equal attention to both individual and system, dig the potential of industrial energy conservation in depth; simultaneously carry out service and supervision, gradually consolidate the foundation of industrial energy conservation management; attach importance to the total amount and structure, vigorously promote the low carbon transformation of industrial energy consumption; push forward energy conservation and development in parallel, actively cultivate a new engine of green growth.

In order to effectively treat the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in the coating exhaust gas and improve the economic benefits and carbon emission reduction benefits of coating enterprises, a technological route called activated carbon adsorption—steam desorption condensation recovery process was proposed, with integration of the technologies such as exhaust gas pretreatment, exhaust gas adsorption and desorption, and VOCs condensation recovery. Taking the concentration, discharge amount, discharge rate and treatment efficiency of non-methane total hydrocarbon as evaluation indexes, and by combining with the data before and after exhaust gas treatment, the process effect and benefit were investigated. The application shows: 1) After exhaust gas treatment, the concentration and rate of total non-methane hydrocarbon are 10 mg/m³ and 1.0 kg/h, respectively, which meet the requirements of environmental protection. 2) The removal efficiency of VOCs is 92.6%. 3) As the recovered organic solvent can produce certain cost savings, the running cost of the whole system is far below 370 000 yuan. Activated carbon adsorption—steam desorption condensation recovery technology is an environmentally friendly and economical technology, and it is suggested to be popularized in the VOCs treatment of coating exhaust gas.

Mechanical Vapor Recompression (MVR) technology, Space Tube Reverse Osmosis (STRO) membrane separation technology and Reverse Osmosis (RO) membrane separation technology were introduced to form a combined process of MVR+STRO+RO, which was applied to a high concentration landfill leachate treatment project with a treatment scale of 50 m³/d in Shandong. The bag filter removes large size suspended solids from highconcentration landfill leachate; MVR equipment is used to reduce indexes such as COD, BODs, as well as contents of NH₃-N and other solid impurities in the landfill leachate; STRO membrane separation technology further reduces the indexes of COD, BODs as well as contents of NH₃-N, TN and other impurities in the condensed water after the cooling of MVR equipment; RO equipment is used for residual salt separation. The engineering operation results show that the content indexes of COD, BODs, SS, NH₃-N and TN in the effluent of the system are reduced by 99.86%, 99.87%, 100%, 99.99% and 99.96% respectively, and the final conductivity of the effluent is ≤30 μS/cm, meeting the standards such as Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site for Domestic Waste (GB 16889-2008) and Integrated Discharge Standard for Water Pollutants in Haihe River Basin of Shandong Province (DB37/675-2007), which achieves the discharge standard.

A design scheme of internal circulating fluidized bed based on Ebara environmental equipment was put forward to meet the sludge incineration requirements of a sludge incineration project in Singapore for 120 t/d wet sludge with water content of 80%, 23 t/d dry sludge with water content of 5% and 430 t/d total treatment capacity of the whole plant. Considering the special circumstances of large sludge treatment capacity, high calorific value and high proportion of wet sludge, the process design of incinerator included the design points such as wet sludge feeding system, Twins Internal-circulation Fluidizing, "3T+E" (temperature, time, turbulence and excessive oxygen) combustion control, and the primary air temperature increase, etc. According to local (Singapore) flue gas emission standard, the flue gas purification process of "dry desulfurization in furnace (limestone)+dry deacidification (sodium bicarbonate)+activated carbon adsorption+bag filter" was designed. The implementation results show that the outlet temperature of the incinerator fluctuates slightly around 905℃, the oxygen content at the outlet of the boiler is controlled at about 8%, the evaporation is controlled at about 5 t/h, the ignition loss rate of incineration fly ash is far less than 1%, and the ignition loss rate of incombustibles is far less than 5% required by the specification, all of which meet the specification requirements. Ebara internal circulating fluidized bed furnace has good adaptability to sludge incineration, with full combustion of pollutants and good flue gas treatment effect, which can adapt to the sludge incineration with various calorific values, and has extensive reference significance for the sludge incineration disposal and equipment R&D.